一、總體要求

　　General Requirements

　　根據(jù)國家與地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及相關(guān)要求對加油站油氣回收系統(tǒng)運行情況開展現(xiàn)場檢查，保證系統(tǒng)的正常運行、保證加油站大氣污染物排放達標(biāo)。

　　Conduct on-site inspections of the operation of the oil and gas recovery system at gas stations in accordance with national and local standards and relevant requirements to ensure the normal operation of the system and compliance with atmospheric pollutant emissions standards at gas stations.|

　　二、法律法規(guī)及政策要求

　　Legal, regulatory, and policy requirements

　　1、法律法規(guī)

　　1. Laws and regulations

　　<<中華人民共和國大氣污染防治法>>中第四十七條提出:儲油儲氣庫、加油加氣站、原油成品油碼頭、原油成品油運輸船舶和油罐車、氣罐車等，應(yīng)當(dāng)按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定安裝油氣回收裝置并保持正常使用。第一百零八條提出:違反本法規(guī)定，有下列行為之一的，由縣級以上人民政府生態(tài)環(huán)境主管部門責(zé)令改正，處二萬元以上二十萬元以下的罰款;拒不改正的，責(zé)令停產(chǎn)整治。包括如下條款:(四)儲油儲氣庫、加油加氣站和油罐車、氣罐車等，未按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定安裝并正常使用油氣回收裝置的。

　　Article 47 of the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People's Republic of China states that oil and gas storage facilities, refueling stations, crude oil and refined oil terminals, crude oil and refined oil transport ships, oil tank trucks, gas tank trucks, etc. shall install oil and gas recovery devices in accordance with relevant national regulations and maintain normal use. Article 108: Anyone who violates the provisions of this Law and commits any of the following acts shall be ordered to rectify by the ecological environment department of the people's government at or above the county level, and shall be fined not less than 20000 yuan but not more than 200000 yuan; Those who refuse to make corrections shall be ordered to suspend production for rectification. Including the following clauses: (4) Oil and gas storage facilities, refueling stations, oil tank trucks, gas tank trucks, etc. that have not installed and used oil and gas recovery devices in accordance with relevant national regulations.

　　2、政策要求

　　2. Policy requirements

　　<<深入打好重污染天氣消除、臭氧污染防治和柴油貨車污染治理攻堅行動方案>>(環(huán)大氣〔2022]68號)中臭氧污染防治攻堅行動方案要求:推進油品V0Cs綜合管控，包括各地每年至少開展一次儲運銷環(huán)節(jié)油氣回收系統(tǒng)專項檢查工作，確保達標(biāo)排放。以上要求中的銷售環(huán)節(jié)包括加油站油品銷售。

　　<<Deepen the Action Plan for Eliminating Heavy Pollution Weather, Preventing and Controlling Ozone Pollution, and Controlling Diesel Truck Pollution>>(Huan Da Shui [2022] No. 68) The Action Plan for Preventing and Controlling Ozone Pollution requires promoting comprehensive control of oil V0Cs, including conducting at least one special inspection of oil and gas recovery systems in storage, transportation, and sales links every year in various regions to ensure emissions meet standards. The sales process mentioned above includes the sale of fuel products at gas stations.

　　3、主要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

　　3. Main standards

　　GB 20952-2020 加油站大氣污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB 16297-1996 大氣污染物綜合排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB/T 16157-1996固定污染源排氣中顆粒物測定與氣態(tài)污染物采樣方法HJ1118-2020排污許可證申請與核發(fā)技術(shù)規(guī)范儲油庫、加油站HJ38-2017固定污染源廢氣總烴、甲烷和非甲烷總烴的測定氣相色譜法HJ/T 55-2020 大氣污染物無組織排放監(jiān)測技術(shù)導(dǎo)則HJ212-2017污染物在線監(jiān)控(監(jiān)測)系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)HJ/T 397-2007固定源廢氣監(jiān)測技術(shù)規(guī)范HJ 604-2017 環(huán)境空氣總烴、甲烷和非甲烷總烴的測定直接進樣一氣相色譜法HJ733-2014泄漏和敞開液面排放的揮發(fā)性有機物檢測技術(shù)導(dǎo)則

　　GB 20952-2020 Emission Standards for Air Pollutants from Gas Stations GB 16297-1996 Comprehensive Emission Standards for Air Pollutants GB/T 16157-1996 Determination of Particulate Matter and Sampling Methods for Gaseous Pollutants in Fixed Source Exhaust Gas HJ1118-2020 Technical Specifications for Application and Issuance of Pollutant Discharge Permits HJ38-2017 Determination of Total Hydrocarbons, Methane and Non methane Total Hydrocarbons in Fixed Source Exhaust Gas from Oil Storage and Gas Stations HJ38-2017 Gas Chromatography Method HJ/T 55-2020 Technical Guidelines for unorganized Emission Monitoring of Air Pollutants HJ212-2017 Data Transmission Standards for Pollutant Online Monitoring (Monitoring) Systems HJ/T 397-2007 Technical Specifications for Fixed Source Exhaust Gas Monitoring HJ 604-2017 Determination of Total Hydrocarbons, Methane and Non methane Total Hydrocarbons in Environmental Air HJ733-2017 Direct Injection Gas Chromatography Method Guidelines for volatile organic compound detection technology for leakage and open liquid level emissions in 2014

　　三、加油站油氣回收系統(tǒng)介紹及相關(guān)要求

　　3、 Introduction and related requirements of gas station oil and gas recovery system

　　1、加油站油氣回收系統(tǒng)及VOCs排放環(huán)節(jié)

　　1. Gas station oil and gas recovery system and VOCs emission process

　　加油站應(yīng)采用油氣回收系統(tǒng)對VOCs排放進行全過程控制，加油站油氣回收系統(tǒng)由卸油油氣回收系統(tǒng)、汽油密閉儲存、加油油氣回收系統(tǒng)、在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)和油氣處理裝置組成。該系統(tǒng)應(yīng)將卸油、儲油和加油過程中產(chǎn)生的油氣，通過密閉收集、儲存和送入油品運輸汽車罐車內(nèi)。涉及的油氣回收階段如下:

　　Gas stations should adopt an oil and gas recovery system to control VOCs emissions throughout the entire process. The gas station's oil and gas recovery system consists of an unloading oil and gas recovery system, a sealed gasoline storage system, a refueling oil and gas recovery system, an online monitoring system, and an oil and gas treatment device. The system should collect, store, and deliver the oil and gas generated during the unloading, storage, and refueling processes in a sealed manner to the tanker trucks for oil transportation. The oil and gas recovery stages involved are as follows:

　　一階段油氣回收(即卸油油氣回收過程)指汽車罐車在加油站進行卸油時，將車內(nèi)油品通過卸油管輸送至加油站地下油罐內(nèi)，同時加油站地下油罐內(nèi)的油氣通過油氣回收管線回收至汽車罐車內(nèi)，直至卸油過程結(jié)束。對于加油站，該階段為以油氣置換汽油的過程。

　　One stage oil and gas recovery (i.e. unloading oil and gas recovery process) refers to the process of transporting oil from a tanker truck to an underground oil tank at a gas station through an unloading pipeline during unloading. At the same time, the oil and gas in the underground oil tank at the gas station are recovered into the tanker truck through an oil and gas recovery pipeline until the unloading process is completed. For gas stations, this stage is the process of replacing gasoline with oil and gas.

　　二階段油氣回收(即加油油氣回收過程)指加油站為機動車加油時，原機動車油箱內(nèi)為剩余汽油與揮發(fā)油氣的混合態(tài)，加油過程中通過回收型加油槍將油箱內(nèi)的油氣回收至地下油罐內(nèi)，直至加油過程結(jié)束。對于加油站，該階段為以汽油置換油氣的過程。

　　Two stage oil and gas recovery (i.e. refueling oil and gas recovery process) refers to the process where a gas station refuels a motor vehicle with a mixture of residual gasoline and volatile oil and gas in the original fuel tank. During the refueling process, the oil and gas in the tank are recovered into an underground tank using a recovery type refueling gun until the refueling process is completed. For gas stations, this stage is the process of replacing gasoline with gas.

　　三階段油氣回收(即油氣后處理過程)指當(dāng)安裝油氣處理裝置的加油站地下油罐達到一定壓力后，處理裝置啟動對油氣進行處理，并將處理后符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求的油氣通過排氣管排出的過程。三階段油氣回收僅限安裝油氣后處理裝置的加油站。

　　The three-stage oil and gas recovery (i.e. oil and gas post-treatment process) refers to the process in which the underground oil tank at the gas station where the oil and gas treatment device is installed reaches a certain pressure, and the treatment device starts to process the oil and gas, and discharges the processed oil and gas that meets the standard requirements through the exhaust pipe. The three-stage oil and gas recovery is limited to gas stations equipped with oil and gas post-treatment devices.

　　油氣處理裝置是將油氣回收系統(tǒng)收集的油氣從氣相轉(zhuǎn)化為液相的設(shè)備。分別將分離出來的汽油回至油罐中，將油氣處理達標(biāo)后排放。油氣處理裝置油路、氣路流向示意圖見圖2。

　　Oil and gas processing equipment is a device that converts the oil and gas collected by the oil and gas recovery system from gas phase to liquid phase. Separate the gasoline separately and return it to the oil tank, treat the oil and gas to meet the standards before discharging. The schematic diagram of oil and gas flow in the oil and gas processing device is shown in Figure 2.

　　常見的加油站處理裝置一般采用一種或多種工藝組合的方法如:吸附、冷凝+吸附、膜分離、冷凝+膜分離等。

　　Common gas station treatment equipment generally adopts one or more process combinations, such as adsorption, condensation+adsorption, membrane separation, condensation+membrane separation, etc.

　　a.吸附法工藝原理:利用油中各組分與吸附劑間結(jié)合力強弱的差別，實現(xiàn)難吸附組分與易吸附組分的分離。其特點是合適的吸附劑對各組分可以有很高的選擇性，吸附的方式一般為活性炭吸附。b.冷凝法 工藝原理:利用制冷技術(shù)將油氣的熱量置換出來，實現(xiàn)油氣組分從氣相到液相的直接轉(zhuǎn)換。利用烴類物質(zhì)在不同溫度下的蒸汽壓差異，通過降溫使部分烴類蒸汽壓達到過飽和狀態(tài)，過飽和蒸汽冷凝成液態(tài)進行回收。

　　a. Principle of adsorption process: By utilizing the difference in binding strength between each component in the oil and the adsorbent, the separation of difficult to adsorb components and easy to adsorb components can be achieved. Its characteristic is that suitable adsorbents can have high selectivity for each component, and the adsorption method is generally activated carbon adsorption. b. The principle of condensation process: using refrigeration technology to replace the heat of oil and gas, realizing the direct conversion of oil and gas components from gas phase to liquid phase. By utilizing the difference in vapor pressure of hydrocarbon substances at different temperatures, the vapor pressure of some hydrocarbons is reduced to a supersaturated state through cooling, and the supersaturated vapor is condensed into liquid for recovery.

　　c.膜分離法 分離原理:利用混合氣中各組分在壓力推動下透過高分子膜片時的傳遞速率差異而實現(xiàn)分離目的。壓縮機從油罐中抽取油氣進行壓縮后油氣濃度升高，部分易液化的油氣轉(zhuǎn)化為液體汽油;壓縮后的油氣、空氣混合物繼續(xù)進入膜進行分離，在壓力作用下，高分子膜對油氣具有優(yōu)先透過性，碳?xì)浠衔锓肿訌哪ね鈧?cè)滲透入膜內(nèi)側(cè)，然后從膜中心管返回油罐，而空氣分子被膜表面所排斥，沿著膜外側(cè)與膜管之間管路，被純化為干凈空氣排放到大氣中。

　　c. The separation principle of membrane separation method: The separation purpose is achieved by utilizing the difference in transfer rate of each component in the mixed gas when it passes through the polymer membrane under pressure. The compressor extracts oil and gas from the oil tank for compression, and the concentration of the oil and gas increases. Some easily liquefied oil and gas are converted into liquid gasoline; The compressed mixture of oil, gas, and air continues to enter the membrane for separation. Under pressure, the polymer membrane has priority permeability for oil and gas. Hydrocarbon molecules permeate from the outside of the membrane into the inside, and then return to the oil tank from the central tube of the membrane. Air molecules are expelled by the surface of the membrane and purified into clean air along the pipeline between the outside of the membrane and the membrane tube, which is then discharged into the atmosphere.

　　2.總體控制要求

　　2.Overall Control Requirement 2

　　VOCs排放須滿足<<加油站大氣污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)>>(GB20952一2020)。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中規(guī)定:2022年1月1日起，加油站執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中卸油、儲油、加油油氣排放控制要求。

　　VOCs emissions must meet the Air Pollutant Emission Standards for Gas Stations (GB20952-2020). According to the standard, starting from January 1, 2022, gas stations will implement the requirements for unloading, storing, and refueling oil and gas emissions control in the standard.

　　2022年1月1日起，依法被確定為重點排污單位的加油站應(yīng)安裝在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)。

　　Starting from January 1, 2022, gas stations designated as key polluting units in accordance with the law should install online monitoring systems.

　　省級生態(tài)環(huán)境主管部門根據(jù)加油站規(guī)模、年汽油銷售量、加油站對周邊環(huán)境影響、加油站揮發(fā)性有機物控制要求自行確定油氣處理裝置的安裝范圍。

　　The provincial ecological environment department shall determine the installation scope of the oil and gas treatment equipment based on the scale of the gas station, annual gasoline sales volume, the impact of the gas station on the surrounding environment, and the requirements for volatile organic compound control at the gas station.

　　3、各環(huán)節(jié)排放監(jiān)測、檢測要求

　　3. Requirements for emission monitoring and testing at each stage

　　a.管線液阻:小于表1規(guī)定的最大壓力限值。

　　a. Pipeline fluid resistance: less than the maximum pressure limit specified in Table 1.

　　b.加油槍氣液比:均應(yīng)在大于等于1.0和小于等于

　　b. Gas liquid ratio of fuel gun: Both should be greater than or equal to 1.0 and less than or equal to

　　1.2范圍內(nèi)。

　　Within the scope of 1.2.

　　c.油氣回收系統(tǒng)密閉性:壓力檢測值應(yīng)大于等于GB20952一2020中表2規(guī)定的最小剩余壓力限值。其中，最小剩余壓力限值應(yīng)通過確認(rèn)加油站儲罐油氣空間(罐容-汽油體積)與受影響的加油槍數(shù)量后經(jīng)查表得出。

　　c. Sealing of oil and gas recovery system: The pressure detection value should be greater than or equal to the minimum residual pressure limit specified in Table 2 of GB20952-2020. Among them, the minimum residual pressure limit should be determined by checking a table after confirming the oil and gas space (tank capacity gasoline volume) of the gas station storage tank and the number of affected fuel guns.

　　d.油氣處理裝置的油氣排放濃度:1小時平均濃度值應(yīng)小于等于25g/m3。

　　d. The oil and gas emission concentration of the oil and gas processing unit should be less than or equal to 25g/m3 on average for 1 hour.

　　e.密閉點位泄漏:采用氫火焰離子化檢測儀(以甲烷或丙烷為校準(zhǔn)氣體)檢測油氣回收系統(tǒng)密閉點位，油氣泄漏檢測值應(yīng)小于等于500mol/mol(ppm)。若采用紅外攝像方式檢測時不應(yīng)有油氣泄漏。

　　e. Sealed point leakage: Use a hydrogen flame ionization detector (calibrated with methane or propane) to detect the sealed point of the oil and gas recovery system, and the oil and gas leakage detection value should be less than or equal to 500mol/mol (ppm). If infrared camera is used for detection, there should be no oil or gas leakage.

　　f.企業(yè)邊界油氣濃度無組織排放:加油站企業(yè)邊界油氣濃度無組織排放限值應(yīng)滿足要求。以非甲烷總烴計，監(jiān)控點處1小時平均濃度值應(yīng)不超過4.Omg/m2。

　　f. Unorganized emissions of oil and gas concentration at the boundary of enterprises: The limit for unorganized emissions of oil and gas concentration at the boundary of gas stations should meet the requirements. Based on non methane total hydrocarbons, the hourly average concentration at the monitoring point should not exceed 4.0mg/m2.

　　有更嚴(yán)格地方排放控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，應(yīng)執(zhí)行地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

　　If there are stricter local emission control standards, the local standards should be implemented.

　　加油站日常自檢重點

　　Key points of daily self inspection at gas stations

　　加油站應(yīng)制定油氣回收日常檢查記錄臺賬，內(nèi)容應(yīng)盡可能詳細(xì)，涉及不同區(qū)域油氣回收相關(guān)管線、泵、快接頭、開關(guān)、閥門等零件，每天應(yīng)詳細(xì)核查系統(tǒng)是否正常運行，當(dāng)出現(xiàn)維修、更換相關(guān)零件時，應(yīng)記錄零件所在位置、更換時間及更換原因等信息。日常巡檢時，發(fā)現(xiàn)加油槍在加油時油氣味加重，可通過聽真空泵工作聲音、摸真空泵溫度等方式檢查其是否存在故障;檢查油氣回收管線接口等是否有明顯的油氣跑冒滴漏現(xiàn)象;有在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的加油站檢查氣液比數(shù)據(jù)。如果真空泵出現(xiàn)故障或管線接頭等出現(xiàn)油氣跑冒滴漏現(xiàn)象，應(yīng)及時停止加油作業(yè)并維修。

　　Gas stations should establish a daily inspection record ledger for oil and gas recovery, which should be as detailed as possible, involving different areas of oil and gas recovery related pipelines, pumps, quick connectors, switches, valves, and other parts. The system should be checked in detail every day to ensure that it is operating normally. When maintenance or replacement of related parts occur, information such as the location of the parts, replacement time, and reasons for replacement should be recorded. During daily inspections, if it is found that the oil smell of the fuel gun increases when refueling, it can be checked for faults by listening to the working sound of the vacuum pump and touching the temperature of the vacuum pump; Check whether there is obvious oil and gas leakage at the interface of the oil and gas recovery pipeline; Gas stations with online monitoring systems check gas-liquid ratio data. If there is a malfunction in the vacuum pump or oil and gas leakage in pipeline joints, refueling operations should be stopped and repaired in a timely manner.

　　卸油時發(fā)現(xiàn)油氣味加重，應(yīng)檢查卸油油氣回收管線兩端接頭是否連接緊密、油氣排氣管干燥劑觀察窗是否破損、油氣處理裝置等(如安裝)管線是否存在泄漏，有條件的加油站可使用紅外熱成像儀觀察呼吸閥是否存在泄漏。

　　When the oil odor worsens during unloading, it is necessary to check whether the joints at both ends of the oil and gas recovery pipeline are tightly connected, whether the desiccant observation window of the oil and gas exhaust pipe is damaged, and whether there is any leakage in the oil and gas treatment device (if installed) pipeline. If conditions permit, gas stations can use infrared thermography to observe whether the breathing valve is leaking.

　　日常應(yīng)定期關(guān)注在線監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)罐壓、加油槍氣液比實時監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)，查看近期預(yù)警、報警情況，對加油站日常自檢重點

　　Regular attention should be paid to the real-time monitoring data of tank pressure and gas liquid ratio of the online monitoring system in daily life, to check the recent warning and alarm situation, and to focus on the daily self inspection of gas stations

　　加油站應(yīng)制定油氣回收日常檢查記錄臺賬，內(nèi)容應(yīng)盡可能詳細(xì)，涉及不同區(qū)域油氣回收相關(guān)管線、泵、快接頭、開關(guān)、閥門等零件，每天應(yīng)詳細(xì)核查系統(tǒng)是否正常運行，當(dāng)出現(xiàn)維修、更換相關(guān)零件時，應(yīng)記錄零件所在位置、更換時間及更換原因等信息。日常巡檢時，發(fā)現(xiàn)加油槍在加油時油氣味加重，可通過聽真空泵工作聲音、摸真空泵溫度等方式檢查其是否存在故障;檢查油氣回收管線接口等是否有明顯的油氣跑冒滴漏現(xiàn)象;有在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的加油站檢查氣液比數(shù)據(jù)。如果真空泵出現(xiàn)故障或管線接頭等出現(xiàn)油氣跑冒滴漏現(xiàn)象，應(yīng)及時停止加油作業(yè)并維修。

　　Gas stations should establish a daily inspection record ledger for oil and gas recovery, which should be as detailed as possible, involving different areas of oil and gas recovery related pipelines, pumps, quick connectors, switches, valves, and other parts. The system should be checked in detail every day to ensure that it is operating normally. When maintenance or replacement of related parts occur, information such as the location of the parts, replacement time, and reasons for replacement should be recorded. During daily inspections, if it is found that the oil smell of the fuel gun increases when refueling, it can be checked for faults by listening to the working sound of the vacuum pump and touching the temperature of the vacuum pump; Check whether there is obvious oil and gas leakage at the interface of the oil and gas recovery pipeline; Gas stations with online monitoring systems check gas-liquid ratio data. If there is a malfunction in the vacuum pump or oil and gas leakage in pipeline joints, refueling operations should be stopped and repaired in a timely manner.

　　卸油時發(fā)現(xiàn)油氣味加重，應(yīng)檢查卸油油氣回收管線兩端接頭是否連接緊密、油氣排氣管干燥劑觀察窗是否破損、油氣處理裝置等(如安裝)管線是否存在泄漏，有條件的加油站可使用紅外熱成像儀觀察呼吸閥是否存在泄漏。

　　When the oil odor worsens during unloading, it is necessary to check whether the joints at both ends of the oil and gas recovery pipeline are tightly connected, whether the desiccant observation window of the oil and gas exhaust pipe is damaged, and whether there is any leakage in the oil and gas treatment device (if installed) pipeline. If conditions permit, gas stations can use infrared thermography to observe whether the breathing valve is leaking.

　　日常應(yīng)定期關(guān)注在線監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)罐壓、加油槍氣液比實時監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)，查看近期預(yù)警、報警情況，對于氣液比在線監(jiān)測值長期處于1.0以下或1.2以上的加油槍，以及在卸油過程中罐壓監(jiān)測值無變化的情形，可定期進行現(xiàn)場比對測試，排除氣液比超標(biāo)及在線監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)異常等風(fēng)險。

　　Regular attention should be paid to the real-time monitoring data of tank pressure and gas-liquid ratio of the online monitoring system in daily life, and the recent warning and alarm situation should be checked. For refueling guns with gas-liquid ratio online monitoring values below 1.0 or above 1.2 for a long time, and for situations where the tank pressure monitoring values do not change during the unloading process, regular on-site comparison tests can be conducted to eliminate risks such as gas-liquid ratio exceeding the standard and online monitoring system abnormalities.

　　四、油氣回收系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)場檢查重點區(qū)域

　　4、 Key areas for on-site inspection of oil and gas recovery system

　　加油站根據(jù)不同區(qū)域，大致可分為卸油、加油、儲油、油氣處理與排放及后臺控制等區(qū)域。在開展現(xiàn)場檢查與監(jiān)管時，不同區(qū)域關(guān)注的重點各有區(qū)別。加油站各區(qū)域平面圖見圖3。

　　Gas stations can be roughly divided into areas such as unloading, refueling, storage, oil and gas treatment and discharge, and backend control according to different regions. When conducting on-site inspections and supervision, the focus of attention varies in different regions. The floor plan of each area of the gas station is shown in Figure 3.

　　卸油區(qū)域應(yīng)重點檢查汽車罐車在卸油過程時，油氣回收管線及卸油管線是否密閉連接;日常各個卸油口與油氣回收口球閥開關(guān)是否關(guān)嚴(yán)以及蓋帽是否密封;是否存在因加油站人員操作不規(guī)范導(dǎo)致的油氣泄漏等。

　　The unloading area should focus on checking whether the oil and gas recovery pipeline and the unloading pipeline of the tanker truck are tightly connected during the unloading process; Whether the ball valves of various oil discharge ports and oil and gas recovery ports are tightly closed and whether the caps are sealed in daily life; Is there any oil or gas leakage caused by improper operation of gas station personnel.

　　加油區(qū)域通常為加油站罩棚下用于給機動車加油的地上區(qū)域，該區(qū)域應(yīng)重點檢查加油機內(nèi)部油氣回收時管線中可能出現(xiàn)油氣泄漏的點位，觀察加油過程油氣回收泵是否存在異響，加油槍集氣罩是否盡可能緊扣機動車油箱，檢測口建設(shè)位置是否合理，位置是否便于進行密閉性與液阻檢測，開關(guān)操作是否正確，蓋帽是否齊全等。另外，加油站油氣回收系統(tǒng)密閉性、加油槍氣液比、管線液阻的檢查均應(yīng)在此區(qū)域。

　　The refueling area is usually the above ground area under the gas station canopy used to refuel motor vehicles. This area should focus on inspecting the points where oil and gas leaks may occur in the pipeline during the internal oil and gas recovery of the refueling machine, observing whether there is any abnormal noise from the oil and gas recovery pump during the refueling process, whether the gas collection cover of the refueling gun is tightly attached to the motor vehicle fuel tank as much as possible, whether the construction position of the inspection port is reasonable, whether the position is convenient for conducting tightness and liquid resistance tests, whether the switch operation is correct, and whether the cap is complete. In addition, the airtightness of the gas recovery system at the gas station, the gas-liquid ratio of the refueling gun, and the liquid resistance of the pipeline should all be checked in this area.

　　儲油區(qū)域主要為加油站人井及地下罐所在區(qū)域(部分加油站受空間、地形等影響，油罐建設(shè)于加油站罩棚下的地下區(qū)域，即加油區(qū)域下方)，應(yīng)打開人井重點檢查內(nèi)部與地下罐區(qū)連接的管道上密閉點位是否存在泄漏，包括潛油泵、人工量油口、法蘭盤、閥門、快接頭等。

　　The oil storage area mainly refers to the area where gas station manholes and underground tanks are located (some gas stations are affected by space, terrain, etc., and oil tanks are built in the underground area under the gas station canopy, that is, below the refueling area). The manholes should be opened to check for leaks at the sealing points on the pipelines connected to the underground tank area, including submersible pumps, manual oil measuring ports, flanges, valves, quick couplings, etc.

　　油氣后處理裝置與排放區(qū)域主要包括處理裝置(如有)以及加油站油氣排放通氣管所在區(qū)域，重點檢查裝置是否正常運行，可結(jié)合后臺控制界面觀察裝置壓力、溫度、排放濃度等重點數(shù)值進行初步判斷;應(yīng)了解裝置使用的工藝及原理，進油口、回油口、排放口的位置及汽油與油氣的流向;檢查呼吸閥通氣管與普通通氣管的開關(guān)開閉是否操作正確;以及處理裝置及通氣管是否存在油氣泄漏等，在此區(qū)域應(yīng)開展油氣處理裝置油氣排放的采集工作，并帶回實驗室按照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方法進行排放濃度測試。

　　The oil and gas post-treatment device and discharge area mainly include the treatment device (if any) and the area where the oil and gas discharge vent pipe of the gas station is located. The focus is on checking whether the device is operating normally. The key values such as device pressure, temperature, and discharge concentration can be observed in conjunction with the backend control interface for initial judgment; It is necessary to understand the process and principles used in the device, as well as the positions of the inlet, return, and discharge ports, and the flow direction of gasoline and oil and gas; Check whether the opening and closing of the breathing valve ventilation tube and the ordinary ventilation tube are operated correctly; And whether there are oil and gas leaks in the processing equipment and ventilation pipes, etc. In this area, the collection of oil and gas emissions from the oil and gas processing equipment should be carried out, and brought back to the laboratory for emission concentration testing according to standard methods.

　　后臺控制區(qū)域主要為加油站油氣處理裝置控制臺、加油站在線監(jiān)測控制臺所在區(qū)域。對于處理裝置，可通過查看裝置的啟停壓力，對比在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)罐壓值判斷后處理裝置是否正常啟停，檢查裝置進口壓力與在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)罐壓值是否一致。對于在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)，可通過調(diào)取歷史記錄與預(yù)警報警記錄，確認(rèn)加油站在日常運營時氣液比與罐壓是否正常，及時查找可能存在氣液比超標(biāo)風(fēng)險的油槍并開展現(xiàn)場測試比對等。

　　The backend control area mainly includes the control console of the gas station's oil and gas processing equipment and the online monitoring console of the gas station. For the processing device, it is possible to check the start stop pressure of the device, compare the tank pressure value of the online monitoring system to determine whether the post-processing device starts and stops normally, and check whether the inlet pressure of the device is consistent with the tank pressure value of the online monitoring system. For online monitoring systems, historical records and warning alarm records can be retrieved to confirm whether the gas-liquid ratio and tank pressure are normal during daily operation of gas stations. It is necessary to promptly identify oil guns that may have the risk of gas-liquid ratio exceeding the standard and conduct on-site testing to compare them.

　　除以上重點區(qū)域檢查內(nèi)容外，可對加油站營業(yè)執(zhí)照等證件、記錄與維修臺賬、檢測報告有效期進行檢查，完成企業(yè)邊界油氣濃度無組織排放的采集工作，并帶回實驗室按照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方法進行排放濃度測試。

　　In addition to the inspection contents of the key areas mentioned above, inspections can be conducted on gas station business licenses and other documents, records and maintenance ledgers, and the validity period of testing reports. The collection of unorganized emissions of oil and gas concentration at the boundary of the enterprise can be completed and brought back to the laboratory for emission concentration testing according to standard methods.

　　五、監(jiān)管部門現(xiàn)場檢查要點

　　5、 Key points for on-site inspection by regulatory authorities

　　1、卸油區(qū)域

　　1. Unloading area

　　卸油方式應(yīng)采用浸沒式，且卸油管出油口距罐底高度應(yīng)小于200mm。連接軟管應(yīng)采用公稱直徑為100mm的密封式快速接頭與卸油車連接。

　　The oil unloading method should be submerged, and the height of the oil outlet of the oil unloading pipe from the bottom of the tank should be less than 200mm. The connecting hose should be connected to the oil unloading truck using a sealed quick connector with a nominal diameter of 100mm.

　　在非卸油時間，卸油口及油氣回收口閥門開關(guān)應(yīng)關(guān)嚴(yán)關(guān)實，不應(yīng)存在油氣泄漏，蓋帽內(nèi)應(yīng)使用橡膠圈更好地進行密封。

　　During non oil unloading time, the valve switches of the oil unloading port and oil and gas recovery port should be tightly closed, and there should be no oil or gas leakage. Rubber rings should be used inside the cap for better sealing.

　　卸油時應(yīng)保證卸油油氣回收系統(tǒng)密閉。卸油前卸油軟管和油氣回收軟管應(yīng)與油品運輸汽車罐車和埋地油罐緊密連接，然后開啟油氣回收管路閥門，再開啟卸油管路閥門進行卸油作業(yè)。卸油后應(yīng)先關(guān)閉與卸油軟管及油氣回收軟管相關(guān)的閥門，再斷開卸油軟管和油氣回收軟管。

　　When unloading oil, it is necessary to ensure that the oil and gas recovery system is sealed. Before unloading, the unloading hose and oil and gas recovery hose should be tightly connected to the oil transport truck and buried oil tank, and then the oil and gas recovery pipeline valve should be opened, followed by the unloading pipeline valve for unloading operations. After unloading, the valves related to the unloading hose and oil and gas recovery hose should be closed first, and then the unloading hose and oil and gas recovery hose should be disconnected.

　　2、加油區(qū)域

　　2. Refueling area

　　加油時，應(yīng)采用真空輔助方式密閉收集加油產(chǎn)生的油氣。

　　When refueling, a vacuum assisted method should be used to collect the oil and gas generated during refueling in a closed manner.

　　加油機內(nèi)油氣回收管道、真空泵及接口、螺帽等存在油氣泄漏排放點位應(yīng)保持密閉。

　　The oil and gas recovery pipeline, vacuum pump and interface, nut, and other oil and gas leakage discharge points inside the fuel dispenser should be kept sealed.

　　加油軟管應(yīng)配備拉斷截止閥，加油時應(yīng)防止溢油和滴油。

　　The refueling hose should be equipped with a shut-off valve to prevent oil spillage and dripping during refueling.

　　加油槍的氣液比測試在該區(qū)域內(nèi)進行，檢測方法按照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB20952一2020中附錄C進行監(jiān)測，監(jiān)督抽查時加油站氣液比是否超標(biāo)按照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB209522020中表4要求進行判定。地方如有更嚴(yán)格的要求，應(yīng)按照地方要求執(zhí)行。

　　The gas-liquid ratio test of the fuel gun is conducted in this area, and the detection method is monitored according to Appendix C of the standard GB20952-2020. During the supervision and spot check, whether the gas-liquid ratio of the gas station exceeds the standard is judged according to the requirements of Table 4 of the standard GB209522020. If there are stricter requirements in the local area, they should be implemented according to the local requirements.

　　液阻檢測與系統(tǒng)密閉性檢測均在該區(qū)域內(nèi)進行，將測試設(shè)備與檢測口連接后，檢測方法按照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB20952-2020中附錄A、附錄B要求分別開展液阻、密閉性測試，并保證測試指標(biāo)滿足標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。

　　Both liquid resistance testing and system airtightness testing are conducted in this area. After connecting the testing equipment to the testing port, the testing methods are carried out according to the requirements of Appendix A and Appendix B of GB20952-2020, and the testing indicators are ensured to meet the standard requirements.

　　3、儲油區(qū)域

　　3. Oil storage area

　　所有影響儲油油氣密閉性的部件，包括油氣管線和所連接的法蘭、閥門、快接頭以及其他相關(guān)部件在正常工作狀況下應(yīng)保持密閉。

　　All components that affect the airtightness of oil storage, including oil and gas pipelines and connected flanges, valves, quick couplings, and other related components, should be kept sealed under normal working conditions.

　　油氣泄漏濃度滿足本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)油氣回收系統(tǒng)密閉點位限值要求，監(jiān)測采樣和測定方法按HJ733的規(guī)定執(zhí)行。

　　The concentration of oil and gas leakage meets the requirements of the closed point limit of the oil and gas recovery system in this standard, and the monitoring, sampling, and measurement methods shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of HJ733.

　　埋地油罐應(yīng)采用電子式液位計進行汽油密閉測量。

　　Underground oil tanks should use electronic level gauges for gasoline sealed measurement.

　　應(yīng)采用符合GB50156相關(guān)規(guī)定的溢油控制措施。

　　Oil spill control measures that comply with the relevant provisions of GB50156 should be adopted.

　　4、油氣后處理裝置與排放區(qū)域

　　4. Oil and gas post-treatment equipment and discharge area

　　所有油氣管線排放口應(yīng)按GB50156的要求設(shè)置壓力/真空閥，如設(shè)有閥門，閥門應(yīng)保持常開狀態(tài);未安裝壓力/真空閥的汽油排放管應(yīng)保持常閉狀態(tài)。

　　All oil and gas pipeline discharge outlets should be equipped with pressure/vacuum valves in accordance with the requirements of GB50156. If valves are installed, they should be kept in a normally open state; Gasoline exhaust pipes without pressure/vacuum valves should be kept in a normally closed state.

　　油氣處理裝置內(nèi)部管道、閥門等應(yīng)保持密閉，外部與地下油罐連接的管道(進油管、排油管、油氣排放管)及其法蘭、開關(guān)、排放檢測口(除檢測外)應(yīng)保持密閉?？赏ㄟ^采用氫火焰離子化檢測儀與紅外攝像方式檢測進行檢測。

　　The internal pipelines, valves, etc. of the oil and gas processing equipment should be kept sealed, and the pipelines (inlet pipes, outlet pipes, oil and gas discharge pipes) and their flanges, switches, and discharge detection ports (except for detection) connected to the underground oil tank on the outside should be kept sealed. It can be detected by using a hydrogen flame ionization detector and infrared camera.

　　油氣處理裝置排氣口距地平面高度以及與周圍建筑物的距離應(yīng)根據(jù)環(huán)境影響評價文件確定，排氣口應(yīng)設(shè)阻火器。

　　The height of the exhaust outlet of the oil and gas treatment unit from the ground level and the distance from surrounding buildings should be determined according to the environmental impact assessment document, and the exhaust outlet should be equipped with a flame arrester.

　　油氣處理裝置出口應(yīng)設(shè)置采樣位置和操作平臺，采樣位置應(yīng)優(yōu)先選擇在垂直或水平管段上。在選定的采樣位置上應(yīng)開設(shè)帶法蘭的采樣孔，采樣孔的設(shè)置參照GB/T16157、HJ/T397執(zhí)行。采樣孔的位置不宜過低，建議采樣孔距平臺地面高度1.2~1.3m,若無法滿足以上要求，采樣孔位置應(yīng)便于開展采樣操作。

　　Sampling positions and operating platforms should be set up at the outlet of oil and gas processing equipment, with priority given to selecting sampling positions on vertical or horizontal pipe sections. Sampling holes with flanges should be opened at the selected sampling locations, and the setting of sampling holes should follow GB/T16157 and HJ/T397. The position of the sampling hole should not be too low. It is recommended that the sampling hole be 1.2-1.3m above the platform ground. If the above requirements cannot be met, the sampling hole position should be convenient for conducting sampling operations.

　　油氣處理裝置在卸油期間應(yīng)保持正常運行狀態(tài)。

　　The oil and gas processing equipment should maintain normal operation during oil unloading.

　　5、后臺控制區(qū)域

　　5. Backend control area

　　油氣處理裝置啟停壓力值的設(shè)置應(yīng)能使裝置正常運行，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中建議的啟動運行的壓力感應(yīng)值為+150Pa，停止運行的壓力感應(yīng)值為0~50Pa，各加油站可根據(jù)實際運營情況自行調(diào)整。(對于銷售量較大的加油站，可適當(dāng)提高裝置啟動壓力，降低裝置因頻繁啟動造成的損壞風(fēng)險。)

　　The setting of the start stop pressure value of the oil and gas processing device should enable the device to operate normally. The recommended pressure sensing value for starting operation in the standard is+150Pa, and the pressure sensing value for stopping operation is 0-50Pa. Each gas station can adjust it according to the actual operating situation. (For gas stations with high sales volume, the starting pressure of the device can be appropriately increased to reduce the risk of damage caused by frequent starting of the device.)

　　在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)應(yīng)能夠監(jiān)測每條加油槍氣液比和油氣回收系統(tǒng)壓力，具備至少儲存1年數(shù)據(jù)、遠(yuǎn)距離傳輸，具備預(yù)警、警告功能。

　　The online monitoring system should be able to monitor the gas-liquid ratio of each refueling gun and the pressure of the oil and gas recovery system, with at least one year of data storage, long-distance transmission, and warning functions.

　　油氣處理裝置應(yīng)能監(jiān)測進出口的壓力、油氣溫度(冷凝法)、實時運行情況和運行時間等。

　　The oil and gas processing equipment should be able to monitor the pressure at the inlet and outlet, oil and gas temperature (condensation method), real-time operation status, and operation time.

　　6、其他區(qū)域

　　6. Other regions

　　按照相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求開展企業(yè)邊界油氣濃度無組織排放監(jiān)測采樣和測定。其中監(jiān)測采樣方法按HJ/T55要求執(zhí)行，測試方法按HJ604要求執(zhí)行，監(jiān)測頻次與液阻、密閉性和氣液比監(jiān)測要求相同。排放值應(yīng)滿足標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。

　　Carry out monitoring, sampling, and measurement of unorganized emissions of oil and gas concentration at the boundary of enterprises in accordance with relevant standards. The monitoring sampling method shall comply with the requirements of HJ/T55, and the testing method shall comply with the requirements of HJ604. The monitoring frequency shall be the same as the requirements for liquid resistance, airtightness, and gas-liquid ratio monitoring. The emission value should meet the standard requirements.

　　加油站應(yīng)建立關(guān)于油氣回收系統(tǒng)運行情況的日常檢查記錄臺賬，包含記錄系統(tǒng)重要零部件的維修信息。

　　Gas stations should establish a daily inspection record ledger for the operation of the oil and gas recovery system, including maintenance information for important system components.

　　加油站應(yīng)對大氣污染物排放狀況開展自行監(jiān)測。依法建立企業(yè)監(jiān)測制度，制定監(jiān)測方案。第三方檢測報告應(yīng)涵蓋標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中所有檢測項目，且在有效期內(nèi)，保證系統(tǒng)正常運行。

　　Gas stations should conduct self-monitoring of atmospheric pollutant emissions. Establish a monitoring system for enterprises in accordance with the law and develop monitoring plans. The third-party testing report should cover all testing items in the standard and ensure the normal operation of the system within the validity period.

　　加油站排污單位廢氣排放口的監(jiān)測點位、監(jiān)測項目及監(jiān)測頻次具體見表2。

　　The monitoring points, monitoring items, and monitoring frequency of exhaust gas discharge outlets of gas station emission units are detailed in Table 2.

　　7、臺賬記錄

　　7. Ledger records

　　加油站應(yīng)建立油氣回收系統(tǒng)運行與維護臺賬。

　　Gas stations should establish a ledger for the operation and maintenance of oil and gas recovery systems.

　　本文由  加油站三次油氣回收設(shè)備 友情奉獻.更多有關(guān)的知識請點擊  http://m.wmjdwx.com/   真誠的態(tài)度.為您提供為全面的服務(wù).更多有關(guān)的知識我們將會陸續(xù)向大家奉獻.敬請期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from the gas station's three times oil and gas recovery equipment For more related knowledge, please click http://m.wmjdwx.com/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.